CHARCOAL PRODUCTION BY CARBONIZATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE

Abstract

Numerous techniques in treating municipal waste has been studied and applied and they included incineration [1]. Incineration can treat various types of waste (especially waste that hard to be decomposed such as plastic, leather, and rubbers, etc) which can reduce the required area of landfill [2]. However, the secondary pollution from this technique may affect the air quality, along with the high operational cost of the incinerator is quite a disadvantage. Another treatment process was introduced to deal with carbon-rich waste via pyrolysis which draw the attention of researcher from worldwide and Vietnam. This process can simultaneously remove the organic pollutant from the waste at lower operational cost and also create recycled charcoal which can be utilized as a burning fuel or adsorbent in waste treatment. Its basis is to decompose burnable waste at high temperatures in the absence of oxygen [3, 4]. Institute of Environmental Technology had studied the carbonization technology to treat the municipal solid waste of Hanoi city, Vietnam and came up with positive results for the real application [5]. This paper demonstrated the results of the quality and quantity of charcoal products, impact parameters which are he experiment was conducted at 3 different treatment capacities: 10-20 g/batch, 3-5 kg/batch and 50 kg/batch. The targeted types of waste are papers, woods, plastic, rubbers, and canvas… The results showed that the charcoal yield depends on the carbonization time and temperature. The charcoal yield of wooden waste, plastic, paper, rubber, and cloth were 15÷22; 26÷37; 18÷22; 20÷35 and 24÷29.5 %, respectively. In addition, the TOC content in biochar was also determined, ranging around 52.81÷88.82 %