CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PROFILE IN NORTH SUMATERA, INDONESIA: CHARACTERISTICS AND CHALLENGES
Keywords:
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), Epidemiology, Haji Adam Malik Hospitals, Medan, IndonesiaAbstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and put a significant amount of burden in health expenditure. It was expected its incidences and mortalities would continue to grow in the coming years as a growing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Indonesia is the fifth rank of CVDs death in the world, but the data regarding its characteristic is still limited. The aim of this study was to figure out the epidemiological data of CVD in cardiac center of Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan, Indonesia.
Methods This was an observational study conducted at cardiac center of Haji Adam Malik Hospitals throughout 2015 to 2020. All patients from inpatient, outpatient, catheterization laboratory, and emergency visits were included. Data were analyzed based on gender, age, ethnicity and diagnosis. International Classification of the Diseases-10 (ICD10) was used for diagnosis stratification [coronary artery disease (CAD), congestive heart failure (CHF), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), valvular heart disease (VHD), congenital heart disease (CHD), and arrhythmia].
Results Between 2015 - 2020, there were 11.997 inpatients, 129.486 outpatients and 6.217 catheterization laboratory procedures. Moreover, a total of 14.311 visits in emergency room between 2016 and 2020 were found. There was a trend of more hospitalization between 2015 and 2019 with the highest (2.327 visits) occurred in 2019, but a significant drop was found in 2020. The highest outpatient visits occurred in 2017 (30.668). The oldest mean age of inpatients and outpatients were found respectively in 2015 and 2016 (55,03 and 56,39). Both inpatients and outpatients were predominated by CAD throughout observation periods. Bataknese and male gender were the most common in this cohort. The highest visits in emergency room (4.432) and highest volume of procedures (1.341) in catheterization laboratory were recorded in 2019.
Conclusion CAD is the most prevalent of CVD in cardiac center of Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Prevention and control of cardiovascular risk factors must be included in strategies to reduce incidence and burden of CVD.
